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| Upper structural level: The concept of Fold and Thrust belts The picture below shows a typical cross-section through a fold and thrust belt system in the upper structural level. Fold and thrust belts develop at the junction between the hinterland (the central, metamorphic and magmatic domain of the mountain) and the foreland (the adjacent slopes of the mountain where the sedimentary cover is translated over its basement). There, surface shortening is accommodated by a combination of thrust faults and folds verging toward the foredeep although back thrusts (verging toward the hinterland) may also develop. From the foreland to the hinterland one can note the following structures: blind thrusts, imbricated fans, duplexes, and finally the metamorphic nappes of the hinterland. All these structures branch onto a main decollement fault running parallel to the the basement's roof. Thrust and fold belts have significant economic importance in terms of hydrocarbon, coals, and uranium deposits. |
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@Eric Mercier, Image generated with Rampe 3.1
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@McClay, University of London
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