Foliations and lineations forming processes:

1/ Folding - During folding, grains and minerals are re-oriented and flattened into a planar fabric called axial planar fabric. This fabric may "refract" (i.e., change direction) across beds (picture on the lower right). Where this tectonic fabric intersects a pre-existing fabric, such as a bedding plane, intersection lineations form. These lineations runs parallel to fold closures.