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The concept of Structural Level: The concept of "structural level" in based on the observation that the style of deformation changes with temperature and pressure. With depth, structures and fabrics become: 1/ more pervasive, 2/ syn-metamorphic, 3/ sub-horizontal. The Upper structural level (down to a few kilometer depth) is the domain of brittle deformation, upright to inclined isopach folds, extensional fractures and stylolithic joints, where bedding and early fabrics are always recognisable. Below the first schistosity front fracturing is the main cleavage-forming mechanism. The intermediate structural level starts with the second schistosity front (pervasive or slaty cleavage). The style of folding includes: tight, similar and overturned folds, with a strong axial planar schistosity. Pressure solution is the dominant cleavage-forming mechanism, quartz veins testify for very active hydraulic fracturation due to dehydration reactions. Metamorphic grade does not exceed the greenschits facies. In the Lower structural level the style of deformation style includes: metamorphic nappes and large scale recumbent folds. Deformation is intense and pervasive, tectonic transposition makes the mapping of early fabric very difficult, fabrics are sub-horizontal. Metamorphic grades ranges from amphibolite facies to granulite facies. |
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