CONTINENTAL BREAKUP | ![]() |
|||||
Geometric aspects of continental breakup: How do continents break ? Rift modes: Narrow, wide, core complex: The role of pre-existing heterogeneity. |
||||||
Regions of diffuse weakness: random uniformly distributed regions of pre- strained, pre-weakened material are dispersed through the crust corresponding possibly to accretionary continental crust with crustal inhomogeneities or localised regions of higher radiogenic heat production decreasing the strength of the continental crust at discrete points over a large region.
Upon extension, uniformly distributed weak seeds lead to a wider zone of extension (~500 km after 50% extension) made of numerous, discrete and synchronous basins. In both coupled and decoupled models, each seeds initially produce a set of conjugate normal faults. As extension proceeds, only a smaller number of normal faults remain active. The natural selection process is such that in the final configuration the basins are bounded by normal faults merging at the brittle-ductile transition. Overall, the lateral distribution of the stretching factor is rather homogeneous. This clearly contrasts with the wide extensional zone that results from a single weak seed in decoupled models. In the latter, progressively younger basins develop for the initial weak seed. Consequently, older basins accommodate a larger amount of extension and the stretching factor is heterogeneous over the length of the model. |
||||||