STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

Asymmetric Boudinage

When extension occurs to an angle to the layering, necking and thinning in stronger layers can initiate via the development of shear fractures. The boudins evolve with a strong asymmetric shape, and each boudin rotates during extension, while developing a sigmoid shape. Asymmetric boudinage can also evolve from shearing when the shear zone cut through a layered rock formation. In this case the sense of shear can be inferred by the sigmoid shape of the boudins.

Left: A competent carbonate layer in a softer pyritic phyllite was submitted to oblique lengthening (i.e., NNW-SSE). A series of shear fracture develops, one of then evolving into an extensional fracture in which pyrite accumulates. The photo is ca. 8 cm long.
Right: Example of asymmetric boudinage of a quartz vein in a micaschist. This asymmetric boudinage is here due to shearing. The shape of the sigmoids and the angle between shear bands and the quartz vein suggest a top to the right sense of shear.