Some promising developments in numerical modelling techniques...
Particle in cell finite element code is a new generation of computer code for modelling fluid of history dependent properties. Applications of the code include smaller-scale geological studies of crustal deformation, geomechanical problems such as slope stability, engineering-scale models such as the flow of granular materia, and fluid-dynamics problems where free-surfaces, interfaces and suspended particles are included. One of the most attractive aspect of this code is its ability to account for both brittle and plastic deformations. This type of code could possible simulate both McKenzie and Wernicke type of lithospheric extension.
More at: http://www.ned.dem.csiro.au/research/solidMech/Citcom/DEMO/
