Joints and fractures
En echelon tension fractures (tension gashes), open in a direction parallel to that of the minimum applied stress.
Sigmoïde en echelon tension fractures (tension gashes), indicate the formation of an weak zone (incipient fault). “S” sigmoide show anti-clockwise shearing, “Z” sigmoide show clockwise shearing.
Mode 1: extension, relative motion perpendicular to the plane of the fracture.
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